月份：2012年8月

How to coordinate the LED lighting products competition among enterprises?

Li Bingjie: Epistar OEM business and the Epistar basically does not exist a competitive relationship. With the rapid development of semiconductor lighting products, industry environment has begun to change at present. Many international enterprises are committed to the vertical integration. Their value achievement is to take the while industry chain into consideration, focusing on the development of its own core strengths. For some high-volume sales and standardized production of LED lamps, When LED lights chips is provided by such Epistar, professional LED chip suppliers, the provision of these enterprises will not tend to put into a great deal of money in the chip production. These international enterprises will put the chip production orders to the professional chip suppliers because the core value of their products is very difficult to reflect on the chip level. The Chip enterprise can either sell their chip to this enterprises or can also be sole to other companies. Only their own resources invested in the aspects which superior to others and do other aspects of the products well, and form their unique value, that is the way to win. If he only persists in the chip field investment, it cannot reflect the product advantages, but because their own production of the chip, while the competitors do OEM by Epistar, they will be weaker than competitors in the cost. On the other hand, If its demand is large enough, the competitors will form a certain advantage when they bought all the products that OEM did.

LED lighting products

In short, for some companies, the value of the standardized LED chip will be increasingly low. They will think about abandoning chip production gradually to the foundries in the industrial chain to find and focus resources to their own advantage. At this time, the OEM will form.

In addition, the LED chip foundry services segment of the subdivision, because not only vertically integrated firm has purchased chip demand, but many small lighting products business will also be on chip demand. However, the demand for foundry services have different product needs of the manufacturers of large-scale, standardized, small factories and small quantities of custom. The positioning of the different foundries will change, and some specialized services to manufacturers, and some specialized services to small factories.

The second chapter: How to help the buyer to select the most suitable LED lamps for home?

LED lamp life is very long. Like other light bulbs, LED bulbs will be time to gradually reduce the light output. But unlike other bulbs, LED bulbs will gradually turn darker and burned directly, not like any other bulb which will be suddenly broken. Inappropriate temperature, power and water vapor is the main cause to destroy the LED and determine the LED life factors.

IES another manual guide about LED light source and module –LUMENS-80-08 Measuring Lumen Maintenance of LED Light Sources specifically develop a detection LED life of the program. (and the light dimmed to how much the phase-out).

LED lamps for home

LED life is decided by the power of the number of passes a certain threshold number of hours, which is also known as lumen maintenance.

LM-80-08 manual referred to two different standards adopted by the industry, a requirement of bulb lumen less than 70% of the original is not suitable to continue to use. And the other provisions of the lumen which is lower than the original 50% will be no longer used. The first standard (L70) is adopted to general lighting LED lamps for home, while the second standard (L50) is used a decorative LED lighting. Both LED life standards developed by the Lighting Research Center of the solid-state lighting systems and Technology Alliance Team (ASSIST).

For example, a LM-80-08 Detection of LED lamps for home and claimed more than 30,000 hours, the number of lumens is still higher than 70% of the original light output by the detection of the LED samples. Which means that passing LM 80 is not only reached the basic light fades requirements, but also even better performance. LED lights inside pointed that the cost of the LM80 test project is much high, nearly about 15,000 dollars. The reason is that it should light up thousands of hours to do the light fades test parameters and precise information. The manufacturers who can afford to do this are generally medium-sized and large companies.

The new product detected by LM-80 is helpful, but it will take a longer time to do the detection because the integrity of the testing process needs to spend 6,000 hours. That is the reason why the test price of LM80 is so high.

LED lighting project – the fourth revolution in the history of mankind lighting(First)

LED, the fourth revolution in the history of mankind

LED is a light-emitting semiconductor components, which is recognized as one of the most promising high-tech products in the 21st century, triggered a revolution in LED lighting project at the same time, to promote energy saving, environmental protection, and to make a significant contribution. With strong government promotion and global industry echelon transfer, LED lights will be a dance era.

LED lighting project

What is the beauty of LED, why is favored by landscape lighting

(1) LED lighting project has a huge role in energy conservation, the single LED power is only 0.03-0.06W, and low driving voltage (1.5-3.5V) and current (15-18mA) in the case of the formation of the same lighting effect. Half of the eighth power consumption than incandescent light. Visible LED light source instead of the huge power consumption of ordinary light and fluorescent lamps for landscape lighting. The energy saving effect is very obvius, with strong market competitiveness. And the life of LED light source is 100 times that of

Visible LED light source instead of the huge power consumption of ordinary light and fluorescent lamps for landscape lighting, the energy saving effect is very obvious wtih strong market competitiveness. And the life of the LED light source is 100 times that of incandescent and fluorescent lamps 20-30 times, eliminating the need for frequent maintenance bitter, coupled with its rich colors and good controllability for the urban landscape lighting sources, it will lead to the fourth revolution in the history of human LED lighting project, greatly improve the human environment to ease the increasingly serious energy crisis in the world.

(2) the light source of LED is compact, and adapt to a variety of geometric dimensions and and different size, a solid light source, not inflated, there is no gas sealing problems, no glass shell, impact resistance, shock resistance action, uneasy to broken. Its lighting strength and stiffness lower than the requirements of the electric light. Moreover, LED cold light source, good controllable, faster response time, and can be repeated frequently bright off, and never get tired.

(3) LED light source color is pure, rich, and can be evolution of any color than the color metal halide lamp, And its decorative upparalleled. LED light source is compact, its felxibility is very good. It can form a variety of point, line, surface, the ball shape.

The government continues to increase energy efficient lighting procurement efforts

On April 19th, chaired by the Ministry of Finance and National Development and Reform Commission in 2010 to promote efficient lighting project “domestic public tender results came. China National Electronics Import and Export Corporation of online publicity data show that the three male Aurora, Philips with leading technology in energy saving R & D and production capacity, continued the successful tenderer. The reporter was informed that this is the third year following the implementation of the 2008,2009,” the promotion of efficient lighting products (led lights) Project, China’s government procurement model to subsidize the promotion of energy efficient lighting products.

energy efficient lighting

According to an expert of the China Association of Lighting, scheduled to promote the tasks of the 150 million energy-saving lamps within three years across the country. Now it has long been surpassed by the end of 2009, but with the continuous increase of the energy conservation efforts. The state will sustained through financial subsidies, support efficient lighting products to replace the current use of incandescent lamps and other inefficient lighting products, and further accelerate to promote the use of energy efficient lighting products. Reporter learned from relevant departments, the 2008 National energy-saving lamps to promote 60 million, more than 120 million in 2009 to promote, to further promote energy saving, energy-saving lights this year aim to promote the lock to 150 million.

It is noteworthy that,  compared with the first two rounds of this year’s tender This year’s tender has not only  increased in the volume dramatically, the  mercury content of products than in previous years more stringent requirements, and to encourage “low mercury” in the energy efficient lighting industry, Like to promote low-carbon than in the whole social life is of great significance, the Government and the lighting industry will be “low mercury” more and more attention.

In addition, the tender with particular emphasis on the principles of cleaner production capacities of the enterprise spirit of “commitment program test” and put forward specific requirements on the recycling of waste lamps indicators and equipment in the previous tender which is never happened. In this regard, the three male • Aurora head of marketing, told reporters that energy efficient lighting products is energy-saving environmentally friendly products, but it is necessary to refine the waste lamp recycling requirements on countries further promote energy conservation and emission reduction, which is the mainstream lighting companies should fulfill the social responsibility.

The flaws behind the scenes of LED lighting products

With its excellent energy saving effect, LED lighting products has still become the preferred product in peoples daily lighting, even in the era of energy crisis.

At present, nearly all traditional lighting companies are involved in the field of LED lighting. We did not suspect that the LED’s prospects and market space. Compared to the traditional lighting products, LED lighting products market share is relatively small. Although LED lighting products are talked about as emerging energy-saving products, However, we have to be realize that LED products still exists some difficult problems.

lighting products

1, Weight: Compared with traditional energy-saving lamps, it is clear that its weight is larger than traditional ones. The screw interface lamps, fluorescent light weight is of only one of the LED lamps. Because of heat sink, the weight of the fluorescent lamp can be negligible, but it will be a very serious test for LED.

2, Life: LED life bottlenecks is in the system driver board. The system drive was broken even the LED wick is not damaged. LED light decay is very serious because most of the existing LED home lighting protection is not easy to do well by size limits, large voltage fluctuations.

3, Efficiency: Why should think about the issue of efficiency?  One is PF date, the other is system efficiency. As a large majority of the LED design are lower power, it commonly use of the passive PFC because of the cost pressure. The PF maybe up to 90, far less than the efficiency of active PFC. There will be much pressure for LED to replace the fluorescent lamps which is very close to the luminous efficiency.

4, Sense light: One advantage of the LED is the spectrum of pure, but it is a very serious disadvantage in the visual sense. The human eyes can not observe a single chromatographic light for a long time. ‘

5, Cooling: The LED poor heat resistance will bring much trouble for the wick life. The existing LED lights is very difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements.

6, Price: LED driver board maybe only have 5 year life in a temperature of 70 degrees which is far from 10 years of LED wick “concept” we expected to be. Therefore, Compared to the same brightness of the fluorescent, even fluorescent lamps is only for one year life, 1W1 fluorescent lamps is much more cost-effective than the 1W10$LED.

We must solve these difficult problems if LED would like to become popular lighting tool.

LED street lamps are too early to be widely promoted

Since 2009, Under the promotion of the Ministry of Science and Technology” city ten thousand ten” pilot demonstration application projects, domestic power LED chips have been in part supported dry road lighting and indoor down lights, spotlights lighting application. According to preliminary statistics of the 21 pilot cities, until now, over 500,000 led street lamps, tunnel lights, solar led street lamps, led fluorescent, down lights, spotlights and other products are supported by demonstration application, which the annual saving is up to more than 100 million kw. What is more, Under the driving of the Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games, a large number of LED landscape lighting and indoor and outdoor lighting products have got a winder range applications and social cognition.

LED street lamps

Full sets of traditional LED signal lights are changed in Taiwan and Ma stressed the development of green energy.

On May 16,Taiwan leader Ma declared that 1.3 million traditional street lamps in Taiwan will launch a LED replacement, organs and units with LED lighting after all LED traffic signal lights are completely eliminated before the end of this year. They will try to expandTaiwan’s green energy market and let Taiwan catch up with green energy industry.

This is the first time that Ma declared that LED will be the replacement of LED traffic lights, street lamps, lighting, and it is supposed that it will accelerate the development of Taiwan’s LED industry and the era of LED led street lamps. It is estimated that Taiwan LED street opportunities will be over 100 billion New Taiwan dollars. The grain is in serious shortage in Taiwan Authorities to push LED applications, driven by supply and demand imbalances continue into next year.

At present, many small LED lamp manufacturer is changed from indoor lighting to outdoor lighting, but in fact, a lot of lights parts are used in indoor lighting which does not conform to the requirements of the outdoor lighting. – A street management engineer

The most popular mode of LED lights is the energy management contract, which requires street lamp enterprises to advance the entire cost of the project, the cycle length ranging from short-term for 3 years, and some can be as long as 10 years. This is a direct test of the enterprise funds, and brought a lot of risk.

The first chapter: How to help the buyer to select the most suitable LED lamps for home?

A simple example, an LED manufacturer build a special specifications of led lamps for home and for road, and claiming that the lamp life is up to 100,000 hours, the color rendering index of 90, the power of 100 lumen’s per watt, and good illumination. A city engineer in the newspaper published the specifications of the lamps, and decided that the new highway will use this section lamps. But engineers made decisions to be okay? Any information to ensure that the lighting characteristics are described by the manufacturer to conform to the facts?

led lamps for home

Changed the entire lighting market to led lamps for home replace the buildings and streets on the original halogen and fluorescent lamps(CFLs). Engineers often compare led lamps for home with different manufacturers. But how to ensure that engineers select the most suitable lighting?

LED Test Manual Guide

Illuminating Engineering Society(IES) is a non-profit organizations, publications as a reference for lighting applications and scientific. The ASHRAE / the IES Standard 90.1 and Standard 189 is also a partner sponsor. The Association published a lot of lighting, energy-related documents.

IES have many manual guide. It can help engineers to clearly identify the authenticity of the LED lighting quality. A manual for the LED LUMENS-79-08 Electrical and Photometric, the legislation provides a set of test LED products,  the standard procedure. The manual explain the test lumen, luminous power, lighting intensity(candle light), lighting, directional color temperature and color rendering index (but only limited to the LED lighting does not include the LED chip packages and modules.)

LM-79-08 manual develop the test environment and changes in parameters (such as ambient temperature), and also record the test data of each LED lighting products, such as testing agency, testing dates and post-test performance data, if not, it can also keep the statement of uncertainty.

Lighting power account is to calculate by the number of lumen’s per watt generated(the amount of light). In the past few years, LED power continue to increase from 50 lumen per watt to 130 lumen. Usually the running for Cold White LED is more efficient than warm white LED. In contrast, the lower the power of traditional lighting. Incandescent bulb will produce 15 lumen per watt. CFL produces 60 lumen per watt, fluorescent lamps produce 100 lumen, while the high-end metal halide produces 100 lumen per watt.

The seventh development trends of the led lighting design industry

Design cost control has become an important foundation for the success or failure of venues, operations. See Wei Cheng recalls, the Beijing Olympic Center total land of about 315 hectares, the project scale, the content is very excellent. The design team in the thinking of the night lighting plan, its function zoning plan was very clear;

led lighting design

First, a gloden night-axis system; Second, the Water Cube and dragon-type water system as the core of blue water system; It is sinking garden seven yard at the core of the red Chinese cultural system. The key to the practice of night lighting plan is the establishment of the brightness or illumination of the relationship between central area of the main building and landscape elements.

Real people today see the basic reaction of the goals of the plan. Through the night lighting of the Olympic central area planning control of the nighttime brightness of the Bird’s Nest and Water Cube, the region where only 1/4 of the  Town Plaza with the type, which not only protect the bird’s nest silhouette and the Water Cube, dynamic display, and also greatly reduces more items of consumption. There will be continuation of low-carbon mode.

Across from 29 days to 29 years,  this time Zheng see Wei and time agreed, the lighting industry is a far-reaching self-affirmation.

Trend: the domestic designers of Oriental Learning

Millennium, Hong Kong media praised Mr. Chen Youjian with Oriental Learning.  They praise things aesthetic elements of the use of superb. I think the lighting industry today, see Zheng Wei also already meet this standard.

The domestic well-know restaurant brand to build upscale clubs LAN clubs were invited to the combination of  the French interior designer led lighting design to see Wei Zheng. That act shines the industry. The LAN Club fascinating, subtle fragrance behind the flashy, see Wei Cheng has been with Philip Stark cooperation has been the biggest gain – Chinese and Western design philosophy of the collision sparks.

Stand in the end of 2010, look back to the mounting of the led lighting design community, regardless of the lighting designer excerpt of individual heroism, or cross-border team turns staged dramas, and even the LED lights industry, playing a show. There are indications that, in China’s lighting industry has began to compete in the international arena for the right to speak.

red led flood light and led flash

On the market each year must be hundreds of new mobile phones, these phones are the same basic functions, that is communication. Around the phone’s design is to increase the phone’s additional features, the main way to increase mobile phone selling point as well as a new profit point. Different phone difference between live mainly in the peripheral functions, such as appearance, screen colors, brightness, multimedia features, Bluetooth, a camera function. Phone integrated camera feature is the inevitable trend of mobile phone design cell phone camera pixels are increasingly high. To get a better image effect, the mobile phone camera flash function is also becoming increasingly important.
The current mobile phone camera with LED flash. The flash of the LED only requires 3.5 to 4.5V DC voltage 120 to 250mA current can be issued 2000 ~ 7500mcd high brightness light. LED low-voltage flash circuit is simple, efficient, energy-saving, low cost, PCB area, especially for mobile phones, digital cameras and handheld devices, and popular with the favor of hand-held imaging products market.

LED flash drivers to control the forward current program

red led flood light and led flash

According to the output characteristics of the drive circuit, the LED flash driver circuit can be divided into the constant voltage type and the constant current type; circuit works can be divided into a step-up circuit and charge pump circuit.

LED is a current-driven devices, and their brightness is proportional to the current relationship. In the constant voltage drive circuit, often a resistor in series with the LED is used to determine the cause of the forward current is expected to the required voltage to the LED lights. In this way there is a drawback, any change of the LED forward voltage will lead to changes in the LED current, which can not be guaranteed to flow through the LED current is equal to the default, will not be able to ensure that the LED’s constant brightness.

, By detecting the series resistance of the voltage on the LED constant current drive circuit to ensure constant flow through the LED current. This way you can eliminate the forward voltage changes caused by current changes, it can be fixed LED brightness.

Since the scope of work of the cell phone battery voltage is typically 3.6V ~ 4.2V, LED forward voltage is 3V to 4V, so keep low voltage input, the output of high voltage, you must boost circuit voltage will be increased to drive LED. Flash-driven commonly used are two ways to boost, a boost circuit inductor for energy storage component, and the other is the charge pump capacitors for energy storage component.

The boost circuit using inductors as energy storage elements, the advantage of relatively high efficiency.

red led lamps and driver design

To customize the four 7-segment LED display driver chip, for example, the design of the LED display to drive the principle shown in Figure 7. It uses the 89C52 microcontroller’s general-purpose I / O port the P1.0, P1.1, as a simulation of the I2C bus; LED display for four common cathode LED pin is connected to the power of the A / K; display driver chip P87LPC762 for custom, named for the LED lights -762. I2C bus external address of the first chip 000, A0, A1, A2 pin to ground to achieve the rest of the chip address set in turn, can connect up to 8 external chip (not shown). From the schematic point of view, LED-762 can not add any external components can be used as LED drivers, I2C bus connections, take up system resources, at least, the circuit is relatively simple. Connected on the I2C bus, eight LED-762 LED extended median of 32. LED display driver chip applications, can use the same connection for the “m” field. The “m” field LED on the same I2C bus, the maximum extension of 48, enough to meet the general requirements.
In order to improve the driving capability of the I2C bus, in the realization of multi-chip connections, SCL, the SDA should be connected bus matching pull-up resistor.
Software programming of customized LED panel display driver chip
Was controller within the LPC series chips with hardware support for I2C bus interface, the user can direct it as the master of the I2C bus or the I2C bus. Controller via the I2C hardware interrupt handler can receive or send data from the bus; master operation, the I2C bus to the start timing, data timing, response timing, stop timing to detect the I2C bus controller, and corresponding data transfer. On the I2C bus controller based on the I2C bus address to distinguish. The unity of the I2C bus addresses allocated by the I2C bus Commission, a total of seven chip address (it occupies D7 ~ D1-bit), 4 (D7 ~ D4) decided to chip types, users can also customize the chip types, 3 (low D3 ~ D1) chip A0, A1, A2 pin set.

red led lamps and driver design
When used with the LPC series of I2C bus interface chip custom LED display driver chip, customized LED display driver chip is set to be the controller, you want to send data the CPU is set to the I2C bus master. Customized LED display driver chip to receive data through the I2C interrupt the flow chart shown in Figure 8. When the first data received from the I2C bus, the judgment of the chip address, such as the same and write to display data, then send the response timing receiver 4 displays the data, then the I2C interface to return to the idle state. LED dynamic display, LED display drive-based display program according to the LED polarity input, respectively, sent to display segments and bits, and the LED tube will be able to display properly.

 

According to the I2C bus protocol requirements, response time requirements for the master to send data. The shortest period of time determined by the multiplier of the RC oscillator frequency and interrupt response time to the maximum rate can reach 400kbs / s. The minimum rate may be within the LPC series dedicated I2C timer to control, in order to adapt to the low rate of non-standard I2C bus operation, off timer.
6-chip testing and key performance indicators
Requirements in accordance with custom, the complete LED curing of the driver and chip set the parameters by the programmer to the production of chip testing the connection diagram shown in Figure 7. The 89C52 P1.0 and P1.1 as analog I2C bus control line, write simulation I2C driver. A normal data reception, 89C52 host re-reset the I2C bus communication disconnection, and other circumstances can not affect the display driver. If you turn off the timer in custom LED driver I analog I2C program pause, single step debugging custom LED driver can drive display. By Philips LPC series chip port output current capability, 0.5 in. drive common cathode and common anode LEDs, LED brightness are to meet the requirements. In the long-term full-bright display, custom LED driver chip temperature normal, long-term continuous work. In actual use, control, Port A / K and A0, A1, A2 set the input mode when the programming, so the vacant when the input level is undefined, and random variation, and may not display properly, should be based on the address set requirements that force is connected to VCC or GND.