LED industry is emerging industries advocated by the government

At present, Many places local government practices is required to see the operation of the machine in order to give the support of corporate commitment. Many enterprises forced to support start production, resulting in high water level pressure on the stock. In order to alleviate the pressure on the stock, the companies began to cut sale price, so that there is no profit at all, eventually leading to the loss-making; There are some enterprises in order to ease the pressure on the stock, the product credit out, resulting in a huge trade receivables, and increase the risk of corporate finance.

LED industry is emerging industries advocated by the government

Insiders analysis that the LED capacity surplus is not only because the strength of the market is enough, but also associated with a lot of irrational investment. Government support become the catalyst of this phenomenon. But the operation of the business need comprehensive consideration, such as sales channels, transportation, the supply industrial chain supporting facilities, labor costs, and personnel, etc.

At first, Sales channels, LED enterprises plant in somewhere, they need to consider the marketability of the product. Whether it is the international market or the local Chinese market? If the production base position shall not be ok, it will increase a considerable operating for enterprises.

Second, Transportation. If there is not convenient transportation line, the enterprise products to market cycle will be delay, which is not conducive to sales of the product and it will damage products from different degrees.

Third, Surrounding industrial chain. peripherals do not have a complete industrial chain, or the industry chain is not rich enough, so that it will increase the difficulty and cost of raw materials procurement.

Four, Talent. this is the core of the enterprise. The distribution of talent is regularly to be found. If enterprises where put into production can not find the right people, the core aspects of the production and R & D and sales is bound to bring trouble.

LED insider think that, LED industry is the emerging industries advocated by the government, but businesses should have long term plan in the operation of the project, a long-term view of the development of enterprises, because favorable government policies can not blindly invest in the LED industry. And presently, Capacity relative surplus resulted enormous pressure to the LED lights business, therefore, companies need more government support.

 

How to balance the dual leds light oriented enterprise policy support and the global market

In 2012, in mainland China LED industry is heavily farce, from the beginning of the Shida boss Paolu starting to the big vision photoelectric arrears door “event, LED industry always told us that the reality is so cruel. From an overall point of view, the Chinese mainland LED market share has increased, but the LED output value greatly climb, so that companies feel the pressure.

How to balance the dual leds light oriented enterprise policy support and the global market

The outside layman watch bustle and astir, insiders see way. Large leds light frequent collapse of LED industry indicated that the industry crisis is beyond the scope of normal reshuffle. In the final analysis, LED fire LED industry itself. LED products is energy saving and environmental protection. That is not fake, but this is not something that people invest in direct purpose and fundamental motives for the LED business, money is the last word!

Under the guidance of macroeconomic policy, Chinese mainland LED industry developed rapidly, but subject to the impact of price, technology, products, end markets are in a weak state. Even so, there are still many companies to switch to LED industry or many large LED enterprises continue to expand our production capacity to the market. Therefore, resulting in a greater squeeze, overcapacity situation appears. Thus many leds light companies face the embarrassment of riding a tiger. Especially, G24 LED in the upstream industry, on the competition market, capacity become part of the market competitiveness, companies need to have a larger scale, while the high cost of investment in equipment, resulting the risk encountered in the enterprise. In order to allow enterprises to operate normally, we only to accept the conditions of local governments to tempt to local into production.

LED inside reporters knows that to attract LED enterprises to place into production conditions generally have the following aspects:

First, the land supports, large leds light enterprises plant a larger area, in order to improve the industrial base of the coastal cities, small land support given by the government put into the general enterprise, and second-tier cities hope to bring this new industry, on the land, they were give support as a encourage enterprises to local production;

U.S. scientists have developed a new material warm white led lights

As we all know, LED (light emitting diode) lights have the advantage of energy efficient and longer life expectancy, but at present, LED lights are mainly in blue light, which hindered its popularity in the field of indoor lighting. Developed by scientists at the University of Georgia, USA Today, it is said to be the world’s first single phosphor and a single light-emitting unit warm white LED lights. The paper details about this material is published in the latest issue of Optical Science and Applications journal Nature Publishing Group.

U.S. scientists have developed a new material warm white led lights

The paper’s lead author, associate professor at the University of Georgia Pan Zhengwei (sound), said: “At present, the white LED lamp are mainly used on flash and auto headlights. But the emit light blue luminescent are less likable. especially in indoor lighting field. Our materials achieved a warm color temperature, while at the same time to achieve a realistic color reproduction. Earlier improved using a single phosphor LED lights failed to achieve this effect.

Pan Zhengwei said, there are two main indicators to measure the quality of artificial light. Correlated color temperature is used to measure the well-being of the light. For Indoor lighting, color temperature is lower than the temperature of 4000K (Kelvin), which is ideal. While correlated color temperature higher than 5000K, the light will emit light blue luminescent white LED lights. Another important indicator is the color reproduction, that is, the ability of the light source simulate natural light. The Reduction degree that reached more than 80 is ideal for indoor lighting, while below this value, the color will be very distortion.

Pan Zhengwei and his colleagues developed the material to meet these two conditions, correlated color temperature is controlled at below 4000K, and also color reproduction reaches 85.

Pan Zhengwei said outer layer of blue LED chip coated with phosphor of different colors, it will be able to issue a warm white light, which would then make a phosphor-based white LED lights. However, these raw materials in accordance with the precise ratio, it wastes money and labor, and eventually the light color will be different, because each raw material is not the same reaction to temperature change.

Doubt and Tension, two expression for LED industry

Doubt

In 2012, the net profit of some companies rely on government subsidies,which is more serious. The state subsidies occupy a large part of their profits; This can not help but provoke the questioned eyes of everyone. So the sustainability of this mode is also controversial.

The subsidies can be counted as corporate profits., The answer is yes! Listed companies Sanan Optoelectronics third quarter profit is 667 million yuan, including subsidies up to 328 million yuan, accounting for nearly half; On November 13, Sanan carried on the enormous financial to achieve the Taiwan Formosa Epitaxy, which is almost twice equity-it is the first private equity. And soon after followed came the news Sanan CDB borrowings of up to 5.5 billion; Look at BDO Runda, interim net profit is 120 million yuan in 2012, while government subsidies is up to 150 million yuan as much, compared to the three security I am afraid that surpasses it; the profits of the country star power subsidies accounted for approximately 25%.

In this regard, industry insiders questioned that, the national starting point is good, but excessive investment is precisely a big reason caused by industry overcapacity. From another perspective, the LED Lights, as a new LED industry, it is necessary to get support from the government, but whether it should be facing the end consumer subsidies? For Enterprises, enterprises who can obtain subsidies only account for a small part of the type of product. A small number of large enterprises are not always having everything if they have government funding. Government can give you a ride, but ultimately it depends on the enterprise’s own energy and strength.

Doubt and Tension, two expression for LED industry

Tension

In 2012, LED industry development is still facing many challenges. But influenced by the European debt crisis, the U.S. economic downturn and other factors, China LED companies exporting orders dropped sharply.

Lighting companies in particular, the industry began to centralized direction development, some of which have already accumulated enough strength to take advantage of this opportunity to develop a large-scale local lighting industry, and try to come out on top in the new round of competition in the industry, but the small and medium-sized enterprises who lack of core technology strength will face more severe survival problems.

Expression of the LED industry-entanglement and nothing

entanglement

In early 2012, When you go to Hong Kong exhibitors, a 3W LED bulb called the price of 20 yuan, which will make the site once sensation, but now the lowest 3W bulb reach to single digits. In 2012, the price war in the LED industry is entangled, to low prices or keep price, it is difficult to avoid the problem.

Equally tangled problem is LED technology advances and new generation of products speeding quickly. The lack of a unified and standard LED products quality standard system, and thus on the market, there are quite a mixed bag, inevitably bad money drives out good money.

Expression of the LED industry-entanglement and nothing

For prices downturn, the industry believes that at First, the global economic downturn. It is very unfavorable for the domestic LED enterprises rely mainly on export earnings; Second, the imbalance between supply and demand, the lack of demand, especially in the domestic market and in the low end products get together, it is too homogenization, so companies only enter into a price war. The result of the price war, it also means that the the industry reshuffle remodeling will be inevitable.

Nothing

In 2012, the leading traditional lighting companies once again be pushed to the cusp, the reason is not because of its large-scale transition to the LED industry, they are nothing out of the chaos of the senior management disputes, the situation is like watching the TV series, the dramatics person are like fighting, an outsider stunned, it can not help but secretly sigh, how does the leading enterprises? The operation and management of private enterprises in China must be hidden all the “clouds”? Or all a myth will have a day to burst?

On May 25, 2012, NVC announced said Wu Changjiang, resigned chairman, executive director and chief executive officer, and all his posts for personal reasons. Since then, the occurrence of disputes between NVC large shareholders Wu Chang jiang and Yan Yan; On September 4, civil unrest subsided, Wu Changjiang return to NVC; Currently, Wu Changjiang, SAIF, Schneider are the NVC’s three shareholders, Three Musketeers, and they finally shake hands.

Logically, the traditional lighting companies experienced market baptismin, and to have today’s fame and status, but what we worried about is that whether fragile management system, can really afford the heavy responsibility of leading Chinese lighting industry transition to the LED industry? The leading lighting big enterprises, are you okay?

The current status of LED stage lighting applications

LED has features of high luminous efficiency, dimmable, small monomer power, high selling prices. As technology advances, LED stage lighting applications has been widely used.

 

LED has features of high luminous efficiency, dimmable, small monomer power, high selling prices.

 

Since the promotion of blue-ray, white-ray and high-brightness LEDs in 1990s, the luminous efficiency of LEDs improved continuously. The luminous efficiency of commercialized LED tubes has reached up to 50lm/W – 100lm/W. And it is still increasing with time. It is estimated that the maximum luminous efficiency can reach up to 200lm/W at last, far more than 10lm/W – 30lm/W of incandescent bulbs (including halogen lamps) and other exceeding light sources. But single LED chip has small power, only 1W – 5W. The maximum output luminance can only be a few hundred lumens. While stage lighting applications usually require a luminous flux of tens of thousands lumens. Previously, LED designers and engineers never think of using LED lighting products on stages.

 

In the beginning of this century, blue-ray LEDs has been popularized and white-ray LED lighting technology has been mature gradually. The luminous efficiency of LED lamps exponentially increased. At the same time, it also has advantages of prompt respond and simple dimming method. Combing multiple LED lamps as single LED stage lighting applications with output luminance quickly became the favorite way to stage lighting designers. At first, due to some technical reasons and the expensive price, these lamps received very little notice. Recently, with the popularity of further improved luminous efficiency, condenser cups, internal dies, housing and other parts, many manufacturers started to assemble the production by themselves.

 

There are two LED white-ray lighting modes: blue-ray dies with phosphors, some part of blue-rays will be converted into yellow light through phosphors. Yellow rays combine with blue rays can generate white rays; another method is grouped red-ray LEDs, green-ray LEDs and blue-ray LEDs together to create white rays. The former is typically used in LED display applications. The later is typically used in LED stage lighting applications. Compared LED lamps with incandescent bulbs, the current luminous efficiency of the former is two times of the later. Secondly, thanks to the small size and low temperature characteristics of LEDs, optical designs with higher luminous efficiency make the whole luminous flux of LED stage lighting applications several times higher than that of incandescent stage lighting applications. Combined these two factors, same luminous flux, incandescent lamps consumed far more power than LED lamps does. Thus low-powered LED lamps still can meet the light intensity requirements of stages.

U.S. scientists invested warm white LED lamp

It is well known that LED (light0emitting diode) energy-saving lights have higher luminous efficiency and longer service life. The current LED lights are mainly used blue-ray LED chips as light sources, which hindered their popularity in the field of indoor lighting applications, since almost all residential lighting applications are warm white. Scientists from the University of Georgia, USA has recently developed the world’s first warm white LED lamp with single phosphor and single light-emitting unit in the world. Detailed information about this material has been published in the latest “Nature”.

 

It is well known that LED (light0emitting diode) energy-saving lights have higher luminous efficiency and longer service life.

 

As the paper’s lead author, Mr. Zhengwei Pan, associate professor at the University of Georgia, indicated that: currently, white-ray LED lamps are generally used as flashers and headlights (used in vehicles). But the emitted blue rays are less likeable, especially in indoor lighting applications. Our materials can successfully create a type of warm white light, and meanwhile achieve a realistic color reproduction. The previous improved LED lamp with single phosphor had failed to achieve such effect.

 

There are two main indicators to measure the quality of artificial light. Correlated color temperature is used to measure the well-being of the light. Take indoor lighting for example, color temperature lower than 4000K is an ideal correlated color temperature. Color reduction degree is another important indicator, naming the ability of the light source to simulate natural light. An ideal indoor lighting source should have a color reduction degree no less than 80. Distortion will occur when the color reduction degree below this value. The new developed materials meet these two conditions together: with correlated color temperature less than 4000K and color reduction degree higher than 85.

 

The general working principle of warm white LED lamp is coating phosphor with different colors on blue-ray LED chips to let them generate warm white rays. This is a type of phosphor-based white-ray LED lights. However, mixing these materials at a precise ratio needs a lot efforts and money. And the ultimate light color will have differences, since various materials has various responds to temperature changes.

 

Although the research result has huge market prospects, there are still remained several problems to be solved to have this type of material to be used in houses, schools and offices. The luminous efficiency of this new material is still much lower than white-ray LED light sources. In addition, the large-scale production will also face up with many challenges.

More than 80% failure of LED products is from LED power suppliers

LED lighting market is fast growing, along with the rapid development of LED lighting industry. On one side, manufacturers for traditional light power supplies aggressively introduced new LED power suppliers or upgraded products for LED lights. On the other side, man entrepreneurial companies have been founded as well. However, the power technology is not mature yet. There is still no unified standard and the corresponding market is also in chaos. Relevant experts believe that LED lighting market will be finally dominated by a few giants. Marketing strategy an product quality is the key to the final victory.

 

More than 80% failure of LED products is from LED power suppliers

 

2012 is a mixed story for LED lighting industry. Market is growing fast. But not every participants earned money at last. Most of LED street light suppliers did not make any profits. Most of LED tunnel suppliers only earned enough money to cover all charges. Some LED commercial lighting application providers with strong trade ability actually made money. All LED chip makers and packaging factories, both domestic and overseas earned money in 2012.

 

It is noticed that most manufacturers for LED power suppliers also had a good harvest in 2012. LED power suppliers are technically belong to the traditional electronics industry. Chinese manufacturers have strong manufacturing capabilities in this area. Although it is an emerging industry, price war has started in advance, especially in low-powered LED driver field. In fact, the price of small-powered LED drivers is very transparent, normally 24-25 yuan.

 

But LED drivers are still a highly profitable business. The relatively high technical threshold and large capital investment are major reasons. In addition, High-powered LED drivers are usually used in high-powered LED lighting applications, such like LED street lights, LED tunnel lights. These lamps are mainly used in government lighting projects and supported by government policies. Manufacturers will use best components and modules on their products to obtain a good effect, which will virtually increase the production cost at last.

 

According to incomplete statistics, about 80% failure of LED lighting products comes from LED power supplies. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of packaging technology and cooling technology, the stability of LED drivers has reached a satisfied level. The additional light attenuation and color shift all comes from the unreasonable cooling design.

The cooling section design for outdoor LED lights

Outdoor LED lights usually work in harsh and complex working environments: temperature, ultraviolet rays, humidity, rain, dust, chemical gases and other climate factors. All these factors combined can significantly affect the light attenuation of LED chips. Designers should take all these environmental factors into account when during the design of outdoor LED lights.

 

Outdoor LED lights usually work in harsh and complex working environments: temperature, ultraviolet rays, humidity, rain, dust, chemical gases and other climate factors.

 

Shell and radiator designed as a whole to solve the LED cooling problem is an appropriate method. Normally, LED manufacturers prefer to use aluminum or aluminum alloy, copper or copper alloy and other alloys that with good thermal conductivity.

 

Radiator is a crucial part of LED lamps. The shape, size, heat dissipation surface area of it must be well designed. Small radiator will make the lamp work in high temperatures, affect the luminous efficiency and life time. Large radiator need to use a lot of materials, increase the cost and weight, declining the product competitiveness. Appropriate LED radiator design is essential. Radiator design has the following parts:

  1. Make clear of the cooling power that LED lights need.
  2. Some parameters that radiator design needed: specific heat of the metal, thermal conductivity of the metal, chi resistance, thermal resistance of heat sinks, thermal resistance of ambient air.
  3. Heat dissipation type: air convection radiator, strong wind cooling section, heat pipe, as well as other heat radiation ways. From the cost comparisons: air convection radiator cost least. Heat pipe and cooling jet cost the most.
  4. Make sure the maximum operating temperature (ambient temperature plus the permitted temperature rise)
  5. Calculate the volume of the cooling area. Determine the shape of radiator.
  6. Combine LED lamp body and radiator to a complete lighting fixture. Take simple indoor lighting tests: more than 8 hours constant work; at room temperature: 39℃–40℃. Calculate the average working temperature, see if it meets the cooling requirements. If normal condition is not met, related parameters are necessarily to be reset.
  7. Radiators and lampshades should be waterproof, dustproof. Rubber pad / rubber mat can be used between lampshade and radiator to prevent aging. Stainless steel bolts are used as waterproof / dustproof devices. By above four points, and plus related regulations for outdoor lighting applications and roadway lighting standards. All these are basic knowledge that outdoor lighting designers must be obtained.

Light attenuation solutions for LED roadway lighting products

In order to solve the serious light attenuation problem of LED roadway lighting products, LED street light manufacturers need to start with basic materials, solving the cooling problem from inside. For example, when light-emitting components stick with aluminum plates, heat conducting glue plays a rather important role. Some makers believe that heat conducting films and heat conducting pads have much better performance, the thicker the better. However, they do not take into account of the thermal resistance. In addition, heat conducting films or soft heat conducting pads actually cannot really fit the substrate surface. There are many pores, which is another form of thermal resistor. Under the interference of so many resistances, the heat conduction efficiency has been virtually reduced.

 

n order to solve the serious light attenuation problem of LED roadway lighting products,

 

It does not mean that LED makers should find other materials to take place of heat conducting glue. In fact, heat conducting glue is still the most suitable material in LED package. Right glue may have quite low thermal resistance, such like screen printed soft ceramic heat conducting glue (SPSCHCG), which is quite different from traditional paste-fit heat conducting glues. SPSCHCG is a type of soft semi-liquid material. When coat this material up on the aluminum plates, heat conducting particles will penetrate into the pores of the substrate surface and fill them to full to form a completely flat plane. Therefore the thermal resistance can be reduced to a minimum level, and the heat generated by LED roadway lighting products can be quickly conducted outwards. In addition, due to the good ductility of SPSCHCG, this material can expand and contract along with aluminum plates in the high temperature of baking and reflow. The stress is very small, will not cause a warp or burst of aluminum plates.

 

With the continuous improvement of packaging technology, carrier board design and cooing module structure, the production costs of LED roadway lighting products are also further reduced. But only a few Chinese manufacturers spent energy and money on the research and development of materials. In issues of solving technical problems and reducing costs, they are more in favor of purchasing. In this part, manufacturers from North America and Japan have much better performances. They are more like to find breakthroughs on basic materials, reducing production costs by innovations.