作者：Blade

Common sense and errors in LED lights purchase

Some errors consumers may encounter in the daily LED lights purchase. Many customers may meet with such situations more or less: when they intend to buy some LED lighting products, shop keepers may give some malicious misleading, like “this lamp has three LED chips while that one only has one chip. This lamp can provide three time brightness than that one.” This is not true. LED chips from different LED manufacturers have different lumen outputs and light efficiencies due to distinguished LED technologies. LED chips on the market can be classified as high-power LEDs, mid-power LEDs, low-power LEDs, etc. For example, the normal lumen output of a mid-power LED chip is around 45lm, while a high-power LED chip can have a lumen output around 120lm. It is not surprisingly that single-LED lamps can emit brighter light than three-LED lamps. On the other hand, the production cost of high-power LED chips is normally higher than low-power LED chips.

Many customers may meet with such situations more or less: when they intend to buy some LED lighting products, shop keepers may give some malicious misleading, like “this lamp has three LED chips while that one only has one chip.

Some customers still used traditional selecting methods (40CD, 60CD), which are typically used on purchasing filament lamps, when choose LED lights. Not every high-brightness LED lamps will consume more energy. This is another misunderstanding in LED lights purchase. In fact, the brightness of lamps can be described by a technical term: luminous flux or lumen output (lm). Comparing the light intensity of two LED lamps should compare the lumen outputs rather than the power consumption. Unlike filament lighting technology, which was developing for more than 100 years, the new-born LED technology is in process of huge innovations. If a 7W LED lamp consumed less power than an 8W LED lamp, it is proved that the 7W LED lamp has a higher light efficiency. Since most of customers are not familiar with the technical term: lumen, some manufacturers may probably mark “Equivalent to 40W Filament Lamps” on their products to help understanding.

 

Compared with traditional filament lamps and energy-saving lights, LED lighting products have a lot of advantages. However, there are also some disadvantages, such like the high selling prices. Besides, LED lights cannot work in high temperatures. If the temperature of electronic components increased by 10℃, the service life of this lamp will be dropped by half. LED manufacturers have to improve their cooling technique and meanwhile control the production cost within a reasonable range.


LED Grow Lights provide sunlight for “underwater” vegetables

Viewed led lights from afar, this place has no differences with other factories, except for staffs dressed in white lab coats. When we entered inside, it is totally different: rows of shelves, bright lights, orderly infusion tubes and plants grew in the “water”. This is the first domestic IT Plant Factory – Shandong Green Dragon Ecological Agriculture Demonstration Garden (SGDEADG).

 Viewed from afar, this place has no differences with other factories, except for staffs dressed in white lab coats.

“You should never underestimate this only 616 square meters workshop. It was able to produce hundreds of tons of vegetables per year.” Introduced by Enguo Yang, the general manager of SGDEADG. Plant Factory concept was first proposed by Japan. The essence of which is using computers to control the raise (produce) vegetables. In 2010, SGDEADG started to cooperate with powernet and introduced advanced technology and equipments from Japan. With the guidance and technical supports from Tsinghua University, China Agricultural University, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, SGDEADG improved the existing IT Plant technology to realize the domestication of technology and equipments.

 

The entire plant factory is completely sealed, maintaining in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity state. Modern monitoring equipments and all kinds of measuring sensors have been installed in every corner to monitor and control the air compositions. It is noticed that 960 pieces of led grow lights uk were hanging on the ceiling, letting out red and blue rays. “These led grow lights uk can completely replace the sunlight. The average luminous flux near the ground is about 450lm, which is sufficient for our plains. Besides, these lamps maintained 24-hour red-blue alternative rays but cost only a very limited energy. This is really amazing.” Said Mr. Yang.

 

Workers there all had abundant professional knowledge or received professional trainings. They used nutrient solution instead of soil to raise plants and were joking as vegetables underwater. Insect nets and supporting isolation devices can effectively prevent the intrusion of pathogens. By the comprehensive applying of multiple sophisticated automated systems, SGDEADG has realized the accurate control of plant growth, and thus provided the best growing environment for vegetables. When asked why they chose led grow lights uk as lighting sources, Mr. Yang replied: “LED is the most advanced lighting technology currently. They can generate one-direction rays, like red rays and blue rays, which is just need by vegetables. These lamps can make our plants grow even faster.”


LED recycling has become a new topic

At present, LED lighting technology has been widely spread and gradually taken the place of traditional filament lamps. In the issue of environmental protection, LED is superior to traditional lights. It is the most advance lighting technology currently, which is not only energy-saving but also harmless to human body and environmental friendly. Since LED lights are usually reliable and can be used for a long term. Only a very few of people take their cycling into account. This article will talk about some notice points of LED recycling.

At present, LED lighting technology has been widely spread and gradually taken the place of traditional filament lamps.

LED lamps will maintain an environmental friendly condition in their service lives. Research results indicated that more than 95% LED lamps are recyclable. Recycling companies will buy these scrapped LED lighting products at low prices. LED products have no health-hazard materials, which have been classified in RoHS standard. RoHS certification was implemented in January of 2006 in England. This standard has rigid restrictions on toxic and health-hazard substances using for electrical and electronic equipments. Mercury-containing lead, cadmium and other toxic substances has been defined as toxic and restricted in selling. LED lamp bodies are usually made by aluminum alloy, which completely meet this standard and can be recovered.

 

The general process of LED recycling is crushing and lamp body separation. Glasses will be transferred into a magnetic field which can separate any non-ferrous metals. In order to remove the aluminum and lead of LED lights, non-ferrous metal separators blasted among crushed glass, leading metals into an isolated slot. The rest of glass and aluminum can be made into other products. Glass will not downgrade due to recovery. It can be repeated recycling.

 

If we can recover LED lighting products in right ways, they will become even more environmental friendly. A recent study from University of California demonstrated that most LED lights contained a high proportion of nickel. RGB LED lights contained high levels of lead and arsenic. Since LED products are mainly made by aluminum alloy, they cannot be directly discarded like bulbs. Burying will lead to a long-term damage to the earth. In view of the high demand of LED lights in recent years, the LED recycling became far more important than extend their service lives. Recycling will become a essential point for LED’s sustainable development.


LED vehicle lamps can save more bucks for drivers

LED lighting technology has become the main force on the residential lighting (led lights) market. And meanwhile it is occupying the industrial and commercial lighting market. Experts estimated that after 2015, LED vehicle lamps will widely spread all over the world. It is very important for electric vehicles. As a type of new-energy-applying transports, electric vehicles are still in an immature stage. In order to obtain a more stable working condition, designers may probably choose those internal equipments which can save more energy, such as LED lighting technology.

 LED lighting technology has become the main force on the residential lighting market. And meanwhile it is occupying the industrial and commercial lighting market.

OSRAM indicated that after 2020, the estimated occupation of LED vehicle lamps in head lights and day-time lights market will increase from 13% to 34%.

 

LED vehicle lamps is not a new words for us, a large number vehicle manufacturers has already applied LED lighting products around their head lights and tail lights as auxiliary lighting tools. “LED can generate a more soft light, which is very important for night driving. We have conducted several tests, and the results indicated that LED heat lights and LED tail lights will reduce the accident rate by 2%-5%. ” Indeed, LED lighting technology can save a lot of money for buyers, but it is also cost a lot to produce them. The sales director of OSRAM suggested that in the energy-saving aspect, LED lamps are no doubt the best choice. A 65W High Pressure Sodium Lamp (HPSL) can be replaced by a 14W LED lamps. A high-efficiency LED head light system can increased the total mileage of an electricity-using car after a charge. Thus whether it is based on saving fuel or on the aesthetics of appearance, LED will be the best choice for buyers. “We are considering a fully development of LED vehicle lighting technology. It is really a emergent and potential market. We plan to start from the external LED lamps.”

 

McKinsey predicted that this technology will continue to develop. “Maybe in the near future our customers can use intelligent LED vehicle lamps. The structure and working principle of LED lamps made all these possible. Most automobile manufacturers may probably start from intelligent head lights, which can sense the specific driving conditions and adjust the light brightness automatically. ”


The analysis application of led in China

LED electronic display will be the main part in application of LED lights market, and full-color display robust growth.

China LED electronic display started earlier, with a large number of strong manufacturers appearing in the market. At present, LED display are widely used in banks, securities, hospitals. On the demand of the LED , display ranked second after the LED indicator.

The analysis application of led in China

Led has been applied in the mobile phoned-based small –size LCD panel back-light market. The rapid development of the back-light market attributed to the continuous growth of mobile phone production. Particularly, in 2003, color mobile phones promote the rapid development of the white LED down lights market.

LED automotive application of led , in 2005, the scale of China LED automotive application market is 0.29 million RMB, including automotive lamp market of 0.21 million RMB. From the entire application of LED to see, automotive application market is still in infancy, and the size is very small LED as the car headlights mainly benefit from its lower power consumption, long life and the speed.

Indoor decorative lights market is LED emerging markets. By current control, the LED can be hundreds or even thousands of color change. In this stage that  pay much attention to the personalization, LED color diversification is better for the LED light market development. LED have begun to be made into small decorative lamps, decorative walls used in the hotel room. In 2005, the interior decorative lights market scale will reach 158 million yuan.

LED panel is also widely used in the landscape lighting market which is rapid development of market growth peaked in 2007. The landscape light market is mainly decorative lighting of streets, squares and public places and the driving force mainly comes from the government. By the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and 2010 Shanghai World Expo,Beijing,Shanghai, held to accelerate the pace of landscape lighting, LED low power consumption in the enormous power of the landscape lighting market with strong market competitiveness. Currently, LED has been increasingly applied to the landscape lighting market. Chinese landscape lighting market size of over 700 million yuan in 2005, driven by these two main activities, the landscape lighting market will achieve a high growth rate of 72% in 2007.

The first chapter: LED indoor and outdoor lighting application problems analysis

LED lights as a new type of lighting source, is at a stage of rapid development, and has been increasing in indoor and led outdoor lights applications.In particular in areas such as commercial lighting, public buildings in recent years, become a breakthrough LED a large number of applications.LED green energy-saving involves not only LED technology and products, but also with architectural design, lighting design, application, and so are closely related.Street lighting management agencies, architectural, lighting designer on the selection and application of light results in these areas, will play a very significant role and the future according to the characteristics of the LED to design innovative lamps or innovative forms of lighting, so has the need for LED practitioners and architectural, electrical, lighting engineer collaboration. To built LED enterprise and designers development, and application, and communication of effective platform, National Semiconductor lighting engineering research and development and the industry Union has in national range within held has more field Salon tour discussion, main through interactive, and discussion of forms, let LED enterprise and design, and application of expert together full discussion LED high bay in design in the of innovation design and application challenges, also for Government carried out semiconductor lighting products model engineering, and build low carbon city, provides new thought and new recommendations.

The first chapter: LED indoor and outdoor lighting application problems analysis

On June 30, hosted by the National Semiconductor lighting engineering research and development and Industrial Union, Sichuan Jiuzhou optoelectronic Technology Co Ltd in association with the theme “LED down lights analysis of indoor and led outdoor lights application problems”–“light the world” semiconductor lighting theme Salon (Mianyang station) in the Innovation Park, Mianyang, Sichuan Jiuzhou industry Park successfully held academic report Hall.General Deputy Chief Bing Shukui of architectural design and Research Institute, China Academy of building research Vice President of the Institute for building environment and energy conservation Zhao Jianping, Chief Engineer of the East China architectural design Research Institute of Adviser Li Guobin, China illuminating engineering society-General Dou Linping, Director of the Tianjin Institute of lighting Wang Lixiong, architectural design Research Institute of Tsinghua University electrical engineer Hua Xu Wang Youjiang, Associate Professor, Shanghai Tongji urban planning, design and Research Institute, National Semiconductor lighting engineering Union Advisory Wang Binqiu, Vice Minister of the Ministry of research and industry, Mianyang City Commissioner of lighting during the well-known experts and scholars, such as application designers, production units, representatives of the units, a total of more than 60 people participated in the large Salon activities.

The second chapter: LED indoor and outdoor lighting application problems analysis

As national LED model city, Mianyang 2011 for has six County two area a city of lighting engineering transformation, regardless of is “green lighting” of scenic engineering, also is Government Office and the municipal public places, and commercial places, indoor lighting, or is heavy disaster area village, and new town, and new County reconstruction of public lighting, are comprehensive used has smart type LED street lamps, and LED indoor lighting, and landscape lit of, new LED products.The lanterns are nine Chau industrial zone, Mianyang, beautiful, gorgeous, light LED lamp map looks gorgeous and beautiful, not only known as “the Silicon Valley in the West,” said show the worst-hit areas of Mianyang to rebuild a new look after more this “light the world” semiconductor lighting topics held Sharon adding more highlights and wonderful. The afternoon in the Salon is divided into two half, respectively, by the General Deputy Chief Bing Shukui of architectural design and Research Institute, China Academy of building Research Institute for building environment and energy conservation Zhao Jianping, deputy chairmanship of two experts, National Semiconductor lighting engineering research and development and industrial League Deputy Secretary General Yang Lanfang welcoming.

The second chapter: LED indoor and outdoor lighting application problems analysis

During the salon, participants on the current problems in indoor and outdoor lighting, the LED and demand;Demand for indoor and outdoor lighting LED lighting system solutions;Urgently to address the important core technology;LED indoor and outdoor lighting products application issues such as standard-setting opening remarks from their respective perspectives, on issues related to the development of LED lighting industry presented their views and proposals to fully absorb, consolidate the domestic counterparts, the lessons learned and deficiencies, address current issues, actively seeking consensus, in order to promote the healthy and orderly development of the LED industry providing help. 　As national LED model city, Mianyang 2011 for has six County two area a city of lighting engineering transformation, regardless of is “green lighting” of scenic engineering, also is Government Office and the municipal public places, and commercial places, indoor lighting, or is heavy disaster area village, and new town, and new County reconstruction of public lighting, are comprehensive used has smart type LED street lamps, and LED indoor lighting, and landscape lit of, new LED products.The lanterns are nine Chau industrial zone, Mianyang, beautiful, gorgeous, light LED lamp map looks gorgeous and beautiful, not only known as “the Silicon Valley in the West,” said show the worst-hit areas of Mianyang to rebuild a new look after more this “light the world” semiconductor lighting topics held Sharon adding more highlights and wonderful.

Solution for LED lamp design failure

PPTC overcurrent protection and thermal protection in the LED lighting
Although many high-end LED lights driver components are gradually integrated over-current, over temperature protection function, but on many occasions, especially overheating protection, we still need discrete components of the program as a collaborative protection program, so that the lamps have a higher reliable and longer life.

Solution for LED lamp design failure

The PPTC refers to the polymer positive temperature thermistor, which is of the polymer and conductive particles. After special processing, the conductive particles in the polymer chain conductive path. When the normal operating cuurrent through(or components in a normal ambient temperature), PPTC was the low resistance state; abnormal over-current through the large current(or environmental temperature (or ambient temperature), when the circuit). heat polymer rapid expansion cut off the conductive particles form a conductive path, PPTC was a high impedance state; over-current circuit (over-temperature condition) is removed, the polymer cooling. The volume is back to normal again, in which conductive particles constitute a conductive path, PPTC showing initial low resistance state. The PPTC the small size, low cost, reusable, and thus to achieve the protection function automatically starts and automatic recovery.

In LED lighting, led lamp design fixtures and led down lights to the different applications have different thermal protection requirements, usually divided into two, respectively, reaching the required temperature, such protection is usually applied to road traffic signs; Another is starting protection, which has reached a certain temperature to drop current drive, such protection is usually used in indoor lighting and road lighting.

On the mutual balance of cost and protection programs of Overcurrent and overtemperature protection in the series combination of a giant array of lighting, or landscape lights, there are usually two kinds of protection schemes are available:

1. A shut protection. For multiple strings of led lamp design systems, we can protect in every branch. The benefits of this approach can achieve accurate protection, not a slip of the fault result in the lamps failure.

2. Main road protection. This protection is in the main loop of the lamps in series a PPTC, to protect the entire lamp. The benefits of this aproach is low cost, small footprint.

Exports of lighting products should comply with the target market standards

China is a global lighting fixtures production and consumption country in which  energy-saving lamps (led lights), incandescent production rank the first in the world. Under the stimulation and encouragement of government policies, the Chinese lighting industry has been booming. At the same time, the Chinese lighting industry have been expanding, the size and number of domestic lighting enterprises also simultaneously expand, and has attracted many foreign giants to enter.

Exports of lighting products should comply with the target market standards

Simultaneously, faced withe the global wave of energy saving and environmental protection can be achieved “green” LED lighting fixtures began to rise, showing the trends of rapid growth in China’s lighting products market. This has attracted more and more foreign enterprises tentacles into the business, and actively layout of the Chinese market, especially in the LED lighting market to get the next leadership opportunity.

It is no doubt that China’s lighting products market is undergoing rapid development. Flowing into the China market, the foreign enterprises must understand the local situation from the policy level and market level, producing for Chinese consumers need.

On the other hand, China is also a lighting products exporting countries, 70% of domestic production for export, in which North American and European markets. These two regional market requirements on product quality and usually require CSA, UL, CE and RoHS certification. With rising energy prices and concern for environmental issues, corporate and household lighting energy efficiency requirements have become more sophisticated, and thus more biased in favor of select energy-efficient, low-power products.  In this regard, the foreign market-related government has such projects, such as energy efficiency requirements of the product the higher the Energy Star program.

As foreign enterprises enter the Chinese, they need to comply with the policy of the Chinese market, domestic enterprises need to know the policy and market requirements of foreign market, while expand the North American and European markets. Take North American as an example, they usually need a reliable third-party testing and certification organization such as CSA Group. To test the product structure, quality and safety features to ensure that these aspects are in line with the requirements of relevant standards. Certified products can affix the certification mark by a third party testing and certification organizations.

Vegetables grow under “water”, the advanced LED lights act as the “sun”

Viewed from a far, it is no different with the general plant, in addition to some staff dressed in a white lab coat sway everywhere. Coming into the reporters view are rows of shelves, bright lights, orderly infusion tube and colored vegetables and long in the “water” (plant nutrition led street lights). In July 17th, the reporter went to the first domestic production of IT plant factory. Its seen and heard let everyone eye-opened.

Vegetables grow under "water", the advanced LED lights act as the "sun"

“Do not underestimate this area of 616 square meters of workshop, it was able to produce hundreds of tons of vegetables.” Efficient ecological agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Shandong Green Dragon General Manager Yang Enguo said with a smile. He told reporters that the plant factory concept was first proposed by Japan, and its essence is the factory production of vegetables and flowers with computer regulation. In 2010, the company worked with power-net company, introducing of Japanese technology and equipment, relying on Tsinghua University, China Agricultural University, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences to do the technical guidance and post-technical support, absorption and utilization of domestic and foreign technology, IT Plant Factory improve marketing, technology and equipment in order to achieve localization of advanced led lights. Yangen Guo said: ” Plant as production IT factories in the country, it is the first one. ”

As the plant factory is completely closed, constant temperature and humidity, with modern monitoring equipment to monitors the proportion of various components in the air, which is avoid lacking of something, and added it at any time. Wind poured dust Clean program, the implementation of the human body disinfection, the reporters put on shoe covers to enter the factory. In the plant factory, his eyes reflected high-tech concepts and applications. Red and blue advanced led lights source 24 hours lighting. It can not only meet the plant lighting needs, but also save energy, nutrient solution instead of soil. The plants need reasonable rationing nutrition; Factory vents have the insect nets and supporting the isolation device, which can effectively prevention of pathogens and cleaner production, and to ensure the quality of the vegetables.

“Plant factory” technology is basically an indoor job. It is a  relatively closed environment, sterilization. Disinfection is basically physical, as it has few pests and diseases, and can produce green vegetables. From the perspective of food security, it can be said that it is a useful exploration of the quality and safety of agricultural products.