作者：Blade

tri band led grow light for track lights led

As we all know, the single LED high bay is low power in tri band led grow light track lights led. In order to obtain high-power, multiple parallel, for example, automobile taillights, single high-power LEDs are very expensive.

tri band led grow light for track lights led

One drawback is that the “spot”, the white tri band led grow light manufacturing defects in workmanship coupled with the errors of the reflector or lens, likely to cause a yellow circle. The disadvantage or weakness of the current semiconductor lighting in the following two aspects:

1, high prices of high power LED Lights At present, the market price of the 1 watt power white LED is about ten times than the price of traditional light sources.

2, high-power LED applications, light efficiency is low In the commercialization of more than 3 watts power light emitting diode light emitting efficiency is low, lower than the luminous efficiency of more than 100 lumens per watt high intensity discharge lamps, also lower than the rare earth tricolor fluorescent in more than 60 lumens per watt. If we talking about semiconductor lighting energy saving, energy saving, in fact, just set up within the small power range, the current technology and existing efficient light source high-power lighting does not save much power semiconductor light source, but the initial investment costs high. Another problem is the luminous efficiency is low the shift of the input energy into heat energy, tri band led grow light LED cold light source is just the light itself is not burning the body, but the resistance heat generated by the large current in a semiconductor material, or make LED STREET LIGHT produce a higher temperature of track lights led, produced by the semiconductor materials, light emitting diodes is not high temperature, overheating will make life significantly reduce the radiator to increase the volume of the lamps, the semiconductor light source, small size, light weight advantage disappear.

Based on the above analysis can be seen in terms of luminous efficiency and the price level, the semiconductor light sources in the short term really is not easy to enter the field of general lighting to replace conventional light sources. However, in the current state, the development of semiconductor lighting industry and avoid weaknesses in the dominant direction of positive development, promote technological progress and the maturity of the production process, the semiconductor lighting era  track lights led to come early.

triopo led light panel for commercial use

Currently, LED indoor lighting projects focused on the commercial lighting, decorative lighting. LED has been replaced in many places for the use of traditional light sources, especially the emergence of high-power LED LIGHTS, and accelerated the speed of the LED triopo led light panel to replace traditional lighting, but also makes LED indoor lighting a large area applications become a reality.triopo led light panel for commercial use
Now, 10 Application of LED indoor commercial areas are listed below.1. A high-class stores, shopping malls and other indoor commercial mood lighting.
LED STREET light energy saving and environmental protection, ultraviolet light, some of the businesses cater to display personalized light environment, psychology, and became the light source of some businesses show preferences for particular products.2. LED integrated light source with full-featured easy to control, you can create static and dynamic lighting effects, from white to any color of the whole spectrum, rendering a strong atmosphere of entertainment to the emergence of the LED to this type of design and decoration of the space environment, open Kai a new way of thinking.3. LED light source, small size, solid state lighting, to lighting manufacturers unlimited space to play, professional production of all kinds of different styles of LED lamps like triopo led light panel, LED full spectrum of any color and dynamic static lighting effects to make it decorative and create mood function of performance in this type of place.

4. Museum, art gallery and other places belonging to special occasions demanding lighting environments, the display of materials the special requirements of the illumination light source does not contain UV and thermal radiation.

5. Stage lighting in the commercial theater, TV studio, dance and photography
LED light source in indoor lighting applications, to the theater, studio lighting environment interpretation of a new concept.6. Hotels, guest houses, lighting use LED products, a different feeling to the customer, in addition to energy conservation, but also with a full luxury and warmth, the owners, the LED to create a personalized light environment can be fully highlight the strength of the enterprise.7. Demand for intelligent control of LED grayscale adjustable lighting environment can be based on different adjustment conference room or multi-purpose hall of the conference content, serious, or lively and can be freely set, LED intelligent lighting to meet the conference theme of light environment .8. Exhibitions, fashion shows, is the venue for businesses to showcase their products and services. Merchants in order to better attract customers, sell goods and eventually reached a cooperation agreement, they need a personalized light environment to showcase their products and services, the LED lighting domain in exhibitions and fashion shows come in handy.9. LED light color to contrast a warm, harmonious and warm waves of sentiment reflects the comfortable, casual atmosphere. Interpretation of the meaning of another application of LED home lighting such as triopo led light panel.

10, Including aircraft, buses, mass transit, high-speed rail, public transportation, lighting, LEDs, operating and maintenance costs can be substantial reduction.

Five problems of LED lighting lamp industry (1)

LED has been used in many public works in China, like Shanghai World Expo, Guangzhou Asian Games. But their performances cannot make people satisfied. Within three year, more than 100 thousand LED lamps had been replaced as a result of serious light attenuations. Theoretically, LEDs have an average working life of 50000 hours (can constantly work for 5.7 years). Facts proved that this value need to be further studied. Nowadays, LED lighting industry vigorously developed in China. It seems that everyone is striving to make a profit in this area. But no one ever questioned that whether this technology is matured or not. In next sections, we are going to list server problems of LED lighting lamp industry.

 

Local protectionism caused by support policies. Many local government introduced support policies in their region to help developing local LED lighting business. They give priorities to the LED lighting applications in most local public works, like municipal landscape lighting projects and traffic lighting projects, causing many midstream and downstream LED companies to put their most attentions on projects bidding. It is against the overall development of LED lighting industry. Lacking of an indentified LED lighting standard is another reason. Differences are obvious and ubiquitous among local standards. It is very hard for LED companies to expand the market in different other regions. In another view, this is also an obstacle for overall development of LED lighting lamp industry.

 

Lack of brand consciousness. Currently, China has more than 5000 LED manufactures. “dragons and fish jumbled together”. Product varies in quality. They have no independent brands, and keep copying each other. Right infringement emerges frequently in everywhere.

 

Civilian applications need government’s support. Generally, LED high bay lighting products are more expansive than traditional sodium lamps. The high up-front spending made many local government treated most LED civilian projects as over-bold investments. The promotion speed of LED applications in China is much lower than that of western countries. Ironically, China is the biggest LED factory in the world. However, some civil societies and business groups (Shanghai Lighting Association, Guangzhou Lighting Association, etc.) may impact an influence on local governments’ decisions. At the request of these associations, almost every first-level city had their own LED applications distribution center, for example, Shanghai LED Projects Center.

 

LED has been used in many public works in China, like Shanghai World Expo, Guangzhou Asian Games.

A rebound of domestic LED lighting industry in 2012

With the background of the global economic adjustment, domestic LED lighting industry cannot be immune from the invasion from international LED STREET LIGHT enterprises and competitions from domestic rivals. Some LED companies indicated that LED lighting industry will greet a rebound this year after hard times in the latter half of 2011. But this sign is unconspicuous. As the market competition intensifies and homogenization of products is increasing, cost of production will be raised and meanwhile prices will be dropped. Homogenization is no doubt the final result for every industry. Thus experts reckoned that a further concentration will be a main direction for domestic LED lighting industry and only giants can survive and win at last.

 With the background of the global economic adjustment, domestic LED lighting industry cannot be immune from the invasion from international LED enterprises and competitions from domestic rivals.

According to the statistics form National LED Engineering Research Institute, China has more than 5000 LED LIGHTS companies presently, 1/5 of which are packaging companies. Most competitions are concentrated in midstream and downstream companies. The upstream LED chip manufactures are scarce in China. More than 80% chips need to be imported from outside, especially for high power LED chips.

 

In the first quarter of 2012, the economy recovery stimulated the pick-up of LED demand, out of the shadows in previous year. In 2011, the continuous fluctuations in LED demand and together with the vigorous expanding of capacities caused the sharp fall in prices. The entire industry profitability is also suffered a substantial decline. With the recovery of demand in backlighting and lighting market, the decline in LED LIGHTS prices eased gradually. Take Taiwan for instance, the rebound rate for LED chips, package and backlight module market is respectively 17%, 20% and 5% in March this year. Chinese government intended to seize this moment to adopt a comprehensive program to further promote the domestic LED lighting industry. And LED backlight will be a breakthrough. Experts owed this to the vigorous development of smartphones. And the implementation of Guangdong Public Lighting Program is expected to be another catalyst. This implies that government interference will be a crucial factor in the rebound of LED lighting industry. Among various domestic LED PANEL lighting enterprises, those who owned independent selling channels and original design concepts will have more chances in future. This rebound may be the second life for Chinese LED lighting industry.

 

How do domestic LED chip manufacturers survive under “overseas attack”? (3)

LED high bay chip industry has a very high technical threshold. The scarcity of professional LED technicians restricted the further development of domestic LED chip manufacturers. Relevant departments proposed solutions on this issue: an industrial reconstruction is necessary. Just like what happened in Taiwan ten years ago, there may be 6-7 enterprises can be survived at last. Those who cannot produce high quality products will be inevitably eliminated.

 LED chip industry has a very high technical threshold. The scarcity of professional LED technicians restricted the further development of domestic LED chip manufacturers.

More than 80% high power LED STREET LIGHT chips are expected to be improved by introducing advanced foreign technology. Our LED chip industry developed from 1995. In 1998, there are only three domestic LED chip manufacturers. Nine in 1999. From 1999 to 2009, about 2-7 companies would enter this industry each year. Currently, there are more than 100 LED chip manufactures in China. They have different focuses. For instance, Sanan Optoelectronics produces chips for low power LED lighting applications and display products, ChangLight only makes chips for outdoor LED landscape lighting applications, and AquaLite is a specialized manufacturers for red-yellow LED chips.

At present, many domestic LED companies have their own LED chip technology in low power LED field. But their high-power high-light-intensity LED technology cannot keep path with international level. More than 80% high power LED chips still relied on import. High power LED chips require much better materials. Take the cooling section for instance: high power LED lighting products generate more heat than low power LED lighting products does. Materials with lower thermal conductivity will cause LED chips work in high temperatures, consequently leading to light degeneration and work life reduction. In addition, high power LED chips have other technological difficulties: the secondary optics design and the power supplier design. However, patent problem has become a main obstacle for domestic LED chip manufacturers. All evidence so far suggests foreign rivals are trying to restrict our development in high power LED industry. Low power LED application market has saturated, while high power LED market is not yet. They attempted to control the entire market though controlling LED chips manufacturing technique. This further explains why Chinese LED chip companies need to own independent LED chip technologies. In consideration of currently technological resources and technician resources in China, without the help of government, it is very difficult for Chinese LED chip manufacturers to produce their own chips.


How do domestic LED chip manufacturers survive under “overseas attack”? (2)

“Since January, the price of LED STREET LIGHT chips dropped by 20%, while demand was less than our expected. Many enterprises faced with tremendous pressure. We had to adjust our strategy repeatedly.” Said Zhou Zheng, regional manager of Philip Advance in China. Chinese LED chips market has already saturated, plus the recent financial crisis, chip giants are struggling, not to mention small and medium sized domestic LED chip manufacturers. “We do not expect profits, we just want to survive. We are suffering financial crises, if we can survive this period of time, we may see the dawn” said Mr. Zheng. According to sources, many chip enterprises canceled their new products promoting plans, and temporarily turn their attention to other electrical products market. This is not to say that they gave up the LED lighting market. In fact, it is a kind of retreat for the sake of advancing. They save their power for later use.

Unbearable burden gave birth to the reconstruction of domestic LED chip manufacturers.

LED chip companies from America, Korea and Taiwan have successively entered Chinese LED lighting market. As for LED chip manufacturers, competitions are always international. Currently, there are more than 100 domestic LED chip companies, in which Sanan Optoelectronics, ChangLight, Inspur and AquaLite are relatively large chip enterprises in China. However, compare with overseas rivals, they are still far behind. “We need the support of government, both in technological aspect and in commercial aspect. China is the largest LED factory in the world, more than 70% LED applications produced and exported here every year. We should control this market. ” said Xiangyi Hu, marketing manager of Sanan Optoelectronics. Some experts raised objections. “Technology is not the key point to survival. There are two main factors for enterprises to win this battle: product quality and cost.”

In 2007, Chinese LED chip industry output reached 4 billion yuan, increased 100%! But in 2011, the average growth rate is only 10%. In 2008, the total sales of Chinese top ten LED chip companies is over 2.7 billion yuan, accounting for nearly 70% of the annual LED chip industry output. Even now these old LED chip giants still can guarantee stable annual sales of 100 million yuan. Competitions from foreign companies did not cause great pressure to them. But small and medium sized domestic LED chip manufacturers were not so lucky. This attack can say a catastrophe for them.

How do domestic LED chip manufacturers survive under “overseas attack”? (1)

Overseas LED chip companies followed the LED tide, joining into the fierce competition in Chinese LED lighting market one by one. LED chip prices will be reduced again. It is the third price dropping of LED street light chips within past five years. How domestic LED chip manufacturers cope with such serious situation?

 

Taiwan chip giant landed on China

At present, our LED chip industry still in the stage of developing. More and more LED enterprises start to co-operate with domestic LED chip manufacturers or set up their own chip manufacturing departments. But, Chinese currently used LED chip technologies are all borrowed from foreign chip companies. Lacking of our own chip developing and manufacturing technique is the biggest defect of us. In the intelligent electrical apparatus market, Chinese companies were continuously at a disadvantage in competitions with overseas rivals. Foreign chip giant has aimed at LED lighting market, racing to provide their LED chips for LED CHINA manufacturers. According to experts’ statistics, LED chips will probably be an independent market in near future. Chinese LED designers are striving to invent their own chips to face up this war.

Since the 2009, the high demand of LED lighting products is far beyond their expectation. Gradually, they realized that they are biting off more than they can chew. Finally, Taiwan LED distributors looked to the Chinese market then, entering into mainland market though the co-operations with domestic enterprises or set up their own epitaxial factories.

 

Overheated investment leads to prices reduction in Chinese LED chip market.

The number of MOCVDs sold to China in 2011 in is occupied over 50% of the global MOVCD supply in 2010. In this case, after three years, the yield of epitaxial factories will be 10-15 times as much as right now. Over 1/3 traditional lighting enterprises have entered or prepare to enter this battle, actively seizing the market. As for them, LED lighting industry is just a part of their strategies. In next few decades, it will become a key development direction. In order to prevent being controlled, they chose and have such capability to develop their own LED chips. This undoubtedly makes things even worse. With the continuous release of capacities, chips for white LED applications had to drop prices again in August this year. The average drop is around 25%. 1W LED chip only costs 1 USD.

 

Overseas LED chip companies followed the LED tide, joining into the fierce competition in Chinese LED lighting market one by one.

Cooling technique for super high power LED lights (5)

4.      Micro-channel cooling technology. Similar to synthetic micro-spraying, micro-channel cooling is also a new born cooling technology for super high power LED lights. In 1980s, Tuckerman and Pease introduced a kind of micro-channel cooling concept in their report. The thickness of this device is only 50um. Although this technology has been put forward theoretically, it is very difficult to be realized due to the relatively backward manufacturing level. 20 years later, Mr. Goodson and his colleagues invented electroosmotic pump: non-motion component, lower power consumption. Tests results demonstrated that when thermal flux reaches 200W, micro-channel drove by electroosmotic pump can cool LED STREET LIGHT chips nearly 20 degrees, while the power consumption is less than 1W. So far this cooling technology has not been commercialized.

5.      Thermoelectric refrigeration cooling technology. Different from the previous methods, thermoelectric refrigeration can create a much colder surface within a certain area by using Peltier effect. This technique can used in large space, but the cooling effect is only 10% of micro-channel cooling technology and also much lower than other cooling technologies. Thus it cannot be used in super high power LED lights.

Chinese designers also promoted their own LED cooling concepts. Mr. Mao introduced a kind of channel cooling module that used for LED blocks in 2005.

Chinese designers also promoted their own LED cooling concepts. Mr. Mao introduced a kind of channel cooling module that used for LED blocks in 2005. He connected LED boards with MMC (Metal Metric Composite) plates or silicon plates, then “carved” small channels on these plates though micromachining technology. Liquid can flow though these channels, carrying off heat with no influence on LED boards. To enhance the cooling effect, Mr. Mao also set several small auxiliary heat sinks on plates.

 

In 2006, Sheng Liu and his colleagues tried to solve cooling problems of super high power LED lights by using micro-pumps. They connect LED boards on slots-covered plates. Cooling water will be impelled though these slots under the work of micro-pumps, taking away heat. The over-heated water is then cooled down by fans within a block. These micro-pumps have very good cooling capacity, but internal interfaces generally have large thermal resistances, reducing the final cooling effect. And also the complex construction made LED manufacturers have little interest in applying this technique in their LED HIGH BAY applications.

 


 

 

Cooling technique for super high power LED lights (4)

Norlux is not doubt a good innovation in cooling technique for super high power LED lights. However, everything has its defects. Using PCBs with aluminum layers can improve the heat radiating performance and also increase the LEDs output power. But PCBs are not good heat conductors. Choosing right PCB materials is still a key point to LED cooling technique.

Norlux is not doubt a good innovation in cooling technique for super high power LED lights. However, everything has its defects.

Cooling design after PCBs:

Heat generated by LED High Bay chips can be transmitted to PCBs. If we do nothing about it, having them contact with the air directly, this will dramatically reduce the thermal radiation. The simplest way is installing additional cooling fins on both sides of PCBs and using fans to enhance the convection of the air. On one hand, it can expand the area of interfaces. On the other hand, it can speed up the heat radiation process. However, this method is only suitable for LED chips with lower heat flux. In recent years, scientists also invented many other after-PCBs cooling techniques, some of which are typically for super high power LED lights.

 

  1. Several new designed heat sinks can further improve the heat radiating performance. For instance, some LED manufacturers decided to applied needle-shape heat sink at the back of PCBs. This design dramatically increases the interface between PCBs and the air.
  2. Some designers preferred to use micro heat pipes to help radiating heat. This is a new design concept for LED cooling system. Heat pipe technology was born in 1963 in Los Alamos National Laboratory in America, designed by George Grover. As a type of thermo-element, heat pipes can strengthen the heat radiation though phase change. Heat pipes have even higher thermal conductivity than metals also much lighter than them. They can be used for long-distance and narrow-space heat radiation. Thus once produced, heat pipes were widely used in vehicle LED STREET applications.
  3. Synthetic micro-spraying technology. This technology can change the surrounding air pressure though membrane vibration and consequently form jet. Once the vibration frequency within the range of 100Hz – 200Hz, the speed of the jet can reach up to 30 m/s. In terms of air cooling technique, the cooling effect of synthetic micro-spraying technology is 2-3 times as much as that of ordinary fans, while only consumes half energy than them. However, the cost of this sophisticated technology is too high and the entire cooling concept is too complicated, that so far it has not been widely used in LED lighting area.

 

Cooling technique for super high power LED lights (3)

Recently, LED scientists have invented a new packaging structure for super high power LED lights: silicon based chips. Normal LED chip has a layer of epoxy resin on the top and use sapphire as base. Both of them are weak in thermal conductivity. Therefore, heat can only be transmitted though pins. It is very hard for heat to be radiated from both side (up and down), impacting a bad effect on chips function and reliabilities. In 2001, LumiLeds invented a new LED package structure: AlGalnN structure. It is a typical silicon based structure,. LED chips will be mounted on silicon bases though small bumps. Thus heat can be directly transmitted into silicon/ceramic bases, which obviously have larger thermal conductivities, and consequently into external metal bases. However, thermal resistance is proportional to the thickness of heat sinks. Due to the restrictions from the mechanical strength of silicon, it is very hard to further reduce the thermal resistance (increase the thermal conductivity) by reducing the thickness of silicon bases.

 

Recently, LED scientists have invented a new packaging structure: silicon based chips. Normal LED chip has a layer of epoxy resin on the top and use sapphire as base.

 

How PCB materials affect the cooling section of super high power LED lights?

In the process of thermal transmission from LED chips into circuit boards, the thermal conducting capacity of PCBs is rather important. At the same time, PCBs also provides electrical connection and physical support for LED chips. Thus, the designs for PCBs must take both electrical capacity and thermal conductivity into account.

 

Materials for high power PCBs must have high-insulation resistors, high reliabilities, high conductivities, a CET (coefficient of thermal expansion) which is quite similar to LED chips. With so many restrictions, only few metals or alloys can meet the requests. In order to guarantee the insulation, the entire PCB needs to be coated with a layer of MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymer) membrane or ceramic membrane.

 

Currently, most LED CHINA manufacturers would like to use MCPCB structures: connect chips with PCBs (with a layer of copper electrode on surface) though aluminum due to its good thermal conducting capacity. Another way is connecting LED chips on PCBs which have metal sandwiches, then mounting the them on cooling sections. Norlux series made by UOE are LED chips using such package technique. UOE’s designers connected LED chips on PCBs which contain a very thin aluminum layer (shows as follow). PCB plays a role of electronic connection of LED High Bay chips and the aluminum layer works as a heat radiator.