月份：2012年6月

high power led price continued to fall 20%, half of domestic fear factory will close down

Overcapacity, high power led price are falling down, probably make half of production used in Sam sung Electronics (Sam sung) LCD TV, Sharp, computer display back-light light-emitting diode (LED High Bay) industry closed down. The only survival industry is the one who gets countries to foster. HSBC (HSBC) Jerry Tsai analyst pointed out that, the global television, computer sales weakness in fear so that LED Street Light prices continued to fall 20% in 2012. For smaller domestic LED industry, factory closings will be the only option. In contrast, the market capitalization of $2.8 billion LED giant safety photoelectric (San-an Optoelectronic Co.Ltd.), Guang dong Elect (EEC-Tech International Co.Ltd,) and other large-scale industry will continue to receive  government subsidies and continue to operate. Noumea Securities analyst Anne Lee said that this is domestic policy, they want the largest industry to survive.

According to the report, the recent capacity utilization rate in most of domestic LED is amounted to only 50%, the industry in 2010 and 2009 bought about 700 LED Lights manufacturing equipment, there is as many as half is in idle state. However, although the high power led price and market growth rate keep slow, yet about 2000000000 yuan of cash of large LED industry still intends to expand production capacity. UBS ( UBS ) report, Tokunho Junta has previously purchased 50 metal organic chemical vapor deposition system ( MOCVD/LED crystal growing equipment ), expecting this year that will purchase 100 sets .An op-toelectronic also plans to buy more MOCVD devices.

The report in the beginning of May, in accordance with the domestic incandescent lamps road map” requirement, this year 2012, in October 1st, 100W or more general lighting incandescent will be officially eliminated. By March 20th, the Ministry of finance, organized the 2012 semiconductor lighting products financial subsidies to promote the project. And it will be held in Beijing and invite public bidding. About 110 domestic enterprises are participated in the bidding. According to the reflect of many LED enterprises, this round of bidding is set a number of restrictions. Such of the requirements of energy-saving certification.

In fact, some news are spread in the industry of last year. The subsidy policy will have a change in style after, to provide ten enterprises subsidies, and to accelerate industry preferred and eliminating the inferior, and to breed competitive brand LED.

heat sink design of top led lighting companies

LED applications is now becoming more diversified, due to the high-power LED input power of only 15 to 20% into light, and the remaining 80-85% is converted into heat, if heat is not timely discharged to the outside world, then will make the LED High Bay chip interface temperature is too high to affect the luminescence efficiency and luminescence lifetime from the top led lighting companies. As the LED materials and packaging technologies continue to develop, to promote the brightness of the LED products, continuously improve, more and more wide application of LED, the LED as a backlight of the display, it is the recent hot topic is mainly different types of LED backlight technology more in color, brightness, life, low power consumption, degree, and environmental aspirations than traditional cold cathode fluorescent (CCFL), and therefore, actively involved in attracting industry.
heat sink design of top led lighting companies
The first single-chip LED power is not high heat, heat a big problem, so the package is relatively simple. As the LED materials technology continue to make breakthroughs in recent years, LED packaging technology change, and gradually developed into a flat, large area multi-chip package module from the shells of the early single-chip type package; its operating current from the early 20mA about low-power LED Street Light, progress to 1/3 to about 1A, high power LED, single LED input power up to 1W, even up to 3W, 5W package evolution.

In lighting applications, such as the mini-projector, vehicle and lighting light source, the required amount of lumens in a particular area need more than thousands of lumens, or ten thousand of lumens, single-chip package module alone is clearly insufficient to meet toward multi-chip LED package, and chip adhesion substrate future trends of the top led lighting companies.

Heat problem is a major obstacle for LED development for lighting objects from top led lighting companies, using a ceramic or heat pipe is to prevent overheating, but the thermal management solutions to the rising costs of materials, high power LED thermal management designed to effectively reduce R junction-to-case thermal resistance between the chip cooling to the final product, one solution of the material, to provide low thermal resistance, high conductivity, to make the heat directly transmitted from the chip to chip attached or hot metal outside of the package shell.

efficiency of top rated led grow lights

LEDs, simple to understand, is the semiconductor light-emitting diode, is the world’s most advanced solid-state lighting technology. LED lights (top rated led grow lights) are not the old faces of the lamp filament bulb, but the material on the semiconductor chip solid state light source. It uses the electron mobility to light, directly convert electrical energy into light energy. Therefore, the power consumption of the LED is much lower with longer  life.

efficiency of top rated led grow lightsMany energy-saving lamps contain mercury and other harmful to the environment, the lamp scrapped if people thrown away, prone to energy-saving environmentally friendly. Such as LED semiconductor solid state light source and fluorescent technology is essentially different from the semiconductor lighting is a cold light source, do not need to inflate, no glass enclosure, do not add mercury to the use of the process from the production process until the end of life can be described as full non-polluting. In addition, LED High Bay lighting (top rated led grow lights) with good color, no flicker, soft lighting and other features.

It is understood that the latest U.S. Congress passed the Energy Act set out the schedule of phase out traditional light bulbs, while the EU market no longer sell incandescent EU countries not only to compensate for the R & D cost, long-life energy-saving lamp enterprises , but also to compensate for the needy families to purchase energy-saving lamps. LED-based lighting (top rated led grow lights) technology developed by the performance of the lamps is expected to improve in the next 10 years, more than 1 to 2 times.

The performance of the light source, energy efficiency, you can use its power and it generates the ratio of brightness between the two to measure lumens / watt (lm / W) to represent. An ordinary Philips 60W frosted incandescent lamp can produce 890 lumens of brightness, so the energy efficiency of the light source is 15.8lm / W. Depending on the bulb package type, the actual performance of the lighting device may appear to fall significantly. For example, if a standard incandescent light on a recessed light, a mirror reflection light, then the loss of the mirror, we can only get 50% of the lighting efficiency.The energy efficiency of the entire lighting device becomes 7.5lm / W.

Introductions of LED testing methods (2)

Using integrating method, LED lighting sources will automatically absorb rays, affecting the final results. In order to remove this influence, technicians need to use auxiliary lamps. Once obtained the luminous flux, we can use it to get the lighting efficiency of LED Lights. Testing methods for radiation flux and radiation efficiency are quite similar to luminous flux and lighting efficiency.

Using integrating method, LED lighting sources will automatically absorb rays, affecting the final results.

Light intensity and light distribution are two relatively complicated compare with other LED testing methods. Spot lighting sources have even light distribution in space. Sensors in different distances and using different apertures will have same results. However, the light distribution of LED STREET LIGHT is uneven. Measuring results will be various depending on measuring distances and diameters of apertures. Standard CIE-127 gives out a series of reference parameters in different measuring conditions.

The spectral parameters include peak wavelength, bandwidth and spectrum power distribution, etc. signal light LED only has one wavelength (spectral properties can only be presented by peak wavelength and bandwidth), while white LED spectrum is a combination of multicolored rays (spectral properties can only be presented by power distribution). We can also calculate color parameters though the LED spectrum power distribution. LED spectrum power distribution can be obtained though spectrophotometers, measuring various rays separately.

 

Switching feature of LED Products can be defined as the optical/electrical/color changing properties at the moment of power charge and power lose. Through them we can obtain the working conditions and physical attributes at these moments, helping us to learn the damages caused by opening/closing the switch to LEDs. Designers also can improve driver module though this parameters.

 

Color properties of LEDs include chromaticity coordinates, dominant wavelength, color purity, color temperature and CRI, etc. Color properties are rather important for white LEDs. Currently, there are two LED testing methods for color properties: Spectrophotometry and Integration. Spectrophotometry can analyze the LED spectral power distribution by using monochromator, then obtain the corresponding color parameters though Chroma Weighting Function. Integration method directly measure chromaticity in the use of specific filters along with photo detectors. Spectrophotometry is more accurate and more complicated than Integration method. Both of them need to measure color parameters with the aid of high-precision instruments. Scientists are looking for cheaper and more accurate methods.

 

track led lighting for car lights

As we all know LED reading lights (track led lighting) interior lighting almost  don’t produce any heat in the vehicle while driving, so in the future, maybe it would reduce at all possible incidents, thereby reducing the serious security risks. Compared with LED lamp life of up to 50,000 to 100,000 hours, 5-10 years, the general life of the vehicle may need to replace. LED lighting can directly convert electrical energy into light energy, fully able to meet the needs of environmental protection and energy saving.

Ordinary incandescent bulbs start a long time, usually in the 100-300 ms, while the LED  (track led lighting) start-up time is only tens nanoseconds. Even the manual mirrors, inside the structure is not too small, triangular bracket, the upper and lower frames, lenses, rotating body, etc. The back of the lens is a sunken black plastic fixed board, be careful when removing. The first to knock out a cavity on the surface of a small branch of the screwdriver and repeatedly rotating down the drill if the drill is more easy way, a good amount of LED High bay circle size, select the appropriate drill bit, dug holes.

track led lighting for car lights

Rearview mirror combination, in accordance with the demolition program will be loaded carriage return. Rearview mirror prone to wind noise at high speed, so you can cut a thin piece of soft rubber, folder lock back into the plane, you can reduce the noise generated. If we use the meter or circuit diagram, the positively charged side of the direction of the lamp to find out, while the negatively charged side of the LED  (track led lighting) is fixed in the nearest body screws.  Direction of light positively charged side LED positively charged side of the wire welding is fixed and you’re done, put the heat shrink tube. Cf before and after the modification of the direction of light, will connect the LED lights and indicators, so after playing the direction of light, will follow the light of the LED lights on the rear view mirror!

In a word, track led lighting for car lights are the future selections for LED lighting use.

Introductions of LED testing methods (1)

LED Street Light has been widely used in industrial area, commercial area and residential area. Lacking of an identical standard in LED testing methods is always the biggest problem for LED industry. Once promoting a new product, manufacturers can only set the parameters though some theoretic values. The most common example is the working time. Most of product specifications will set this parameter as 50000 hours. As a matter of fact, this is a theoretic value rather than testing result, calculated though another parameter (light attenuation) in ideal conditions. In practices, it is impossible for any LED products to constantly work for nearly 6 years without any defects. LED manufacturers and research institutions have a lot of disagreements in setting parameters. Customers often complained that their LED products cannot work in the described conditions (insufficient light intensity, higher temperature). This situation, to a large extent, restricted the development of domestic LED industry. In following sections, we are going to discuss some international standards for LED testing methods: electrical property, optical property, switching feature, color property, thermal property and reliability.

 

Electrical Property: LED is a kind of uni-polar PN junction diode. The voltage-current characteristic can be divided into two parts: forward bias and backward bias. Thus electrical properties of LED high bay include maximum forward current, maximum forward voltage, backward current, backward voltage. LEDs must work under a normal current (theoretically 20mA). We can also obtained maximum working power tough these electrical properties. LED electrical properties should be measured under constant voltage and constant current, by using multimeter.

LED has been widely used in industrial area, commercial area and residential area. Lacking of an identical standard in LED testing methods is always the biggest problem for LED industry.

Optical property: similar to other lighting sources, LED optical properties include luminous flux, lighting efficiency, radiation flux, radiation efficiency, light intensity, light distribution and spectral parameters, etc. We will introduce the testing methods of these parameters in detail.

Luminous Flux and Lighting Efficiency: there are two different ways in measuring luminous flux: integrating sphere method and variable angle photometric method. The later is the most accurate measuring method, but costs much more time. Thus, in normal conditions, scientists and technicians tend to use integrating sphere method to measure luminous flux of LEDs. Integrating sphere method also has two different measuring structures: 1. LED is settled in the middle of the sphere; 2. LED is settled on the edge of the sphere.

 

The low permeability of domestic intelligent LED lighting industry (2)

Energy-saving market never lack of followers. Experts expressed different views to this problem: on one hand, intelligent LED lighting industry is the inevitable trend. On the other hand, developing a type of intelligent products costs much less than producing them. Survey reports showed that an intelligent power supplier only costs 5 yuan, while producing a matching LED lamps for this supplier will cost 20%-30% more. Through calculation, a dimmable LED products costs 20% more than non-dimmable LED products (same type). Adding RGB functions will cost 30% more.

Experts expressed different views to this problem: on one hand, intelligent LED lighting industry is the inevitable trend.

Longxin Zhang divided the entire LED development into three stages: replacing traditional lamps; self improvement (more energy-saving, more intelligent); cross-sector integration (including Internet of Things, long-distance control, residential intelligent LED lighting technique etc.). Currently, Chinese LED lighting market is still in the first stage. Simplified intelligent LED lighting technique is a transition phase, a middle stage between first level and second level. Chinese LED industry only has developed for ten years, still in the first stage. Some people began to accept this new lighting technology, but most still take a wait-and-see approach to it. They expect cheaper and more reliable products. The technique of LED has not been fully developed, the spread level has not been maximized. LED is not mature in both industrial aspect and in commercial aspect. Under such circumstance, rushed into intelligent stage is not a wise behavior.

 

Chen Xu is also suspicious of this problem. Internet of Things, sensor technology, and cloud computing are all in their early stages. The development of intelligent LED lamps requires the mature of these technologies. In his point of view, they should develop at least simultaneously. And this problem cannot be solved in short term.

 

Nowadays, most of LED enterprises just want to add some additional value to their products tough “intelligence” and expand the brand influence at the same time. However, this method is only suitable for large LED enterprises. Small and middle sized LED companies lack of capital to operate.

 

Some experts also indicated that the development of intelligent LED lighting industry should obtain the support of government. Such clutter developing modes will lead to a chaos in domestic LED high bay lighting market, prolonging the first stage.

 

 

The low permeability of domestic intelligent LED lighting industry (1)

Currently, intelligent LED lighting industry is just in the beginning stag in China. Many domestic LED enterprises treated this emerging market as a big chance and spent a lot of energy and money on the research and development. Kingsun-China spent 7.65 million yuan on development of intelligent LED street lights and incidental power supplier technology in 2011. It accounted for 51.69% of all development plans. In 2012, Kingsun-China intended to heavy the investment in this area. There are 15 LED lighting enterprises in China had annual sales more than one billion yuan. Among which 12 enterprises started relevant research and development in intelligent LED lighting industry.

Many domestic LED enterprises treated this emerging market as a big chance and spent a lot of energy and money on the research and development.

“Presently, most of our researches for intelligent LED lighting technology are concentrated on dimmable RGB products. Systematical intelligent LED lighting technology has not been touched yet. In this area, we were far behind our overseas competitors.” Said Longxin Zhang. Chairman of Guangzhou LED Lighting Association. In his opinion, Chinese LED manufacturers developing intelligent LED lighting technology is just for commercial purposes. Demand for automatically controlled RGB lamps started to emerge in recent years. In order to occupy the best place in this new born market, domestic LED enterprises rushed into this area without any deep considerations and full preparations, which is rather dangerous. This only means that Chinese LED manufactures are not fully understand the significance of intelligent LED lighting products. On the contrary, foreign LED companies behaved much better than us. They focused on long-term effects. Their purpose to develop intelligent LED lights products is to improve people’s life qualities.

 

Some LED enterprises have promoted their intelligent LED lighting products. These products realized intelligent operations mainly though power suppliers. Thus, this kind of “intelligence” is low-tech and easily made. Only those who has realized intelligence though integrated circuits can be named intelligent products. Meanwhile, the real demand of this type of products in Chinese market has been over estimated. Economics department of Fudan University published a survey report recently. This report indicated that the permeability of intelligent LED lighting products in mainland market is less than 2%. Demands are focus on dimmable LED landscape lights, dimmable LED street lights and their monitoring system.

 

The new technology can replace the sapphire substrate which reduced the cost of LED production lights

According to the report of Physicist organizational network, a new manufacturing technology is expected to significantly reduce the cost of production of light-emitting diode and to further promote the popularity of the process.

Silicon is a standard semiconductor materials with large size, low cost, easy processing, good electrical conductivity, excellent conductivity, and performance. However, technical difficulties is different coefficient thermal expansion of silicon and gallium nitride,  and vulnerable to stress during the manufacturing process, resulting in uneven and rupture of the film, so it has not been able to widely available in the led production lights cracking phenomenon. Through a special process, the new technology is not only avoided the cracking phenomenon, but also make the new LED Lights stable and bright and are well suited for high-power solid-state lighting.

LED STREET LIGHT is an energy efficient lighting solutions, and considered as the most expectation to replace traditional light sources. So far, however, the cost of LED production have been higher than other more sophisticated lighting products. So it has not been widely used in daily life. Through the use of new technology, LED production is expected to spend a larger piece of silicon, which will be a major upgrade of the efficiency of led production lights.

With its technology, OSRAM has been successfully produced high -performance LED wafer with a diameter of 150 mm(6 inches). Researchers have begun to adjust the production process to manufacturer 200 mm(8 inch) wafer. This will further increase the number of chips on each substrate, reduce production costs. It is understood that the LED industry, mostly 50 mm(2 inch) or 100 mm(4 inch) as the substrate base. Such as silicon GaN technology can save at least 75% of the cost of raw materials.

At present, this film based on the new LED High Bay is still in the prototyping stage. It will be reality environment reliability test. Preliminary experiments showed that the technology made of blue and white silicon-based LED, which can achieve the performance and market products that are similar to the sapphire substrate. They estimated that the first commercial led production lights  using the technology will be appeared within the two years after listing.

LED bulb prices will be reduced constantly

LED inside pointed out LED lighting products will have a relatively high exposure to the consumer in this year. Take China for instance, the number of online sold LED bulbs in May of 2011 was sparse. But it grew pretty fast. Two months later, there were more than 1000 types of LED bulbs sold online.

LEDinside pointed out LED lighting products will have a relatively high exposure to the consumer in this year.

LED inside conducted a survey in LED bulb prices which were mostly used to replace 40W and 60W filament lamps. The survey result indicated that the average price of LED bulbs (used to replace 40W/60W filament lamps) are 24USD and 45USD respectively, reduced by 2% and 6%compare with June. In terms of region market, European LED bulb market suffered the most sharp price reduction in July 2011. By analysis, LED inside contributed this price reduction to two main factors: large LED enterprises joint into price battle, taking minor adjustments; The promotion of new products from second-tier brands impact LED bulb prices.

 

Meanwhile Japanese LED lighting market also met with a sharp reduction in LED bulb prices. The average price of LED bulbs there dropped by 5% within half years. However, compare with the wide fluctuation in European and Japanese market, American and South Korean market remained relatively stable.

 

In this price adjustment, the price of LED bulbs used to replace 60W filament lamps dropped from 48USD to 45USD, becoming the most devalued LED products. Although 45USD per each is still far beyond the capability of ordinary people, but most of them accepted this price level gradually and expected further price reductions in the future. “We hope more and more brands can join into this competitions. On one hand, we have more options. On the other hand, they become cheaper”. Said one customer from Japan. He expressed his strong interest in LED lighting products. Whether LED lamps can completely replace filament lamps is still need time to prove. The current prosperous of LED lighting technology does not mean that they can constantly keep in this situation.

 

With the continuous improvement of LED technology, the price of other LED products is reducing or will be reduced soon. Experts implied that this is actually a price dropping of luminous flux of LED technology. Take LED bulbs used to replace 60W filament lamps for example, the price of per thousand lumen was dropped from 55USD to 52USD through calculation.