The principle of LED street lighting chip work

LED, a solid-state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into visible light, is a light-emitting diode that converts electricity directly into light. The heart of the LED is a semiconductor wafer. One end of the wafer is attached to a holder, one end is the negative pole, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, so that the entire wafer is encapsulated by epoxy resin. The semiconductor wafer consists of two parts, one part is a P-type semiconductor, in which the hole dominates, and the other end is an N-type semiconductor, which is mainly electrons here. When the two semiconductors are connected, a P-N junction is formed between them. When a current is applied to the wafer through the wire, the electrons are pushed toward the P region. In the P region, electrons recombine with the holes, and then the energy is emitted in the form of photons. This is the principle of LED light emission. The wavelength of light, which is the color of light, is determined by the material that forms the P-N junction.

A single LED bead can only operate at low voltage (about 3V) and low current (about a few milliamps), and the light emitted is very weak. Many LED lamp beads need to be connected in series or in parallel; at the same time, a single LED lamp bead is one-way directionally conductive. In order to make full use of the positive and negative half cycle current of the alternating current, an integrated circuit chip is needed, which converts the alternating current 220V power into voltage and current energy. The DC power matched with the LED set meets the requirements of the LED lamp bead assembly, so that it can normally emit light.